In the event that the parties to the proceedings are not satisfied with the decision of the court of first instance, they can defend themselves against it by filing an appeal. If an appeal is filed, the decision does not acquire legal force until it is definitively decided by the Court of Appeal.

If a party is not satisfied with the decision of the court of first instance, it may lodge an appeal against it within 15 days of the date on which the written version of the decision was served. An appeal may be filed only on the grounds specified in the law, e.g. because the court did not fully establish the facts, the judge was disqualified, the court incorrectly assessed the case from a legal point of view. It is necessary to file an appeal with the court that issued the contested decision, that is, to the court of first instance. The latter then submits the appeal to the superior court, which decides on the appeal itself.

If an appeal is filed against the decision, such a decision shall not give rise to legal force. This is until the appeal is finally decided by the Court of Appeal. This means that until then the decision of the first instance is not binding and it is not necessary to act on such a decision.

In order for the appeal to have the above effect, it must be filed in a timely manner and contain the identification data of the person filing the appeal, the name and address of the court that decided the case, the indication of the decision against which it is filed, to what extent the decision is contested, on what grounds and what the appellant is claiming.

The appellant may change both the grounds on which he filed the appeal and what he wants to achieve with the appeal (appeal motions) even after the time limit for appeal has expired. In the course of the appeal procedure, the party may, as a rule, supplement its arguments, but it can no longer present new evidence or extend the extent to which the decision is challenged.

It is also necessary to pay a court fee for filing an appeal, the amount of which depends on the subject of the dispute.